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| How to Improve the Cyclic Life of Lead-acid Panasonic Battery Effectively |
| Time：2019-09-02 Source： Views：2521 |
In recent years, with the huge cost pressures of the old batteries consumption enterprises in Europe and America and the continuous rise of international lead prices, these well-known international companies are flourishing to build factories in China, or to buy batteries in China to stop licensing sales. This trend not only brings considerable profits to domestic enterprises, but also brings a destructive blow to itself due to the problems of production and quality of some domestic enterprises. The significant difference between domestic and foreign well-known enterprises is that the service life of batteries, especially the cycle life of batteries, can not meet the requirements.
The life termination of lead-acid batteries is mostly due to the lack of capacity, and the cycle life of lead-acid batteries is the key index of many indicators. As for VRLA batteries, the accepted measures to prolong the cycle life of batteries are to add long-term additives in lead paste formulation, use high tin and low calcium alloy, high temperature curing of plates, and improve assembly pressure, etc.
But even if all the above measures are taken, the battery life expenditure will not necessarily reach the level of battery life abroad. Especially with the increase of cost pressure, many domestic small and medium-sized enterprises in order to reduce consumption costs, improve the large-scale discharge performance of batteries, from time to time reduce the thickness of the battery plate and increase the proportion of electrolyte, which is undoubtedly the way to quench thirst for the overall performance of batteries, especially for the cycling performance.
This project focuses on the effects of the thickness of positive and negative plates, the specific gravity of electrolyte and different charging conditions on the initial capacity of batteries, the national standard cycle life and the cycle life of 100% DOD at 1 hour rate.
1. Content of experiment
In view of the above discussion, the 12V and 7Ah batteries were manufactured by using two kinds of plate thickness battery structure and four kinds of electrolyte specific gravity to stop all performance experiments.
1.1 Battery Manufacturing
Batteries are fabricated with three positive and four negative (positive plate thickness is 3.6 mm) and four positive and five negative (positive plate thickness is 2.8 mm). The formula of lead paste is the formula of short-life lead paste of Xingguang Company. The plate is consumed by the grooving process. Four specific gravity electrolytes (1.27, 1.29, 1.31 and 1.33) are added after the battery is assembled. The acid dosage control is effective in single body. The acidity is the same. The weight and internal resistance of the battery were tested after the initial charging according to the process. The weight of the two constructed batteries was about 2.60 kg and 2.45 kg respectively, and the internal resistance was about 19 m and 17 m, respectively. After that, the initial capacity and two cycle life of all kinds of batteries were tested respectively. In order to clearly show the characteristics and experimental items of all kinds of orthogonal experimental batteries, the orthogonal experimental status of all kinds of batteries was shown in Table 1.
1.2 Initial Performance Testing
After the manufacture of all kinds of batteries in Table 1 is completed, the capacity of 20h and 3C of all kinds of batteries are tested as the initial capacity of batteries is stopped.
1.3 National Standard Cyclic Life
After passing the initial capacity test, the service life of six types of batteries in Table 1 was tested according to the national standard of small VRLA batteries (code No. GB/T 196391.1-2005) 5.18 life test method.
1.4 Constant Current and Pressure Limiting (LV) Life Experiments
According to the two experimental conditions of different types of batteries, the cycle life of 100% DOD discharged at 1 h rate for four types of batteries in Table 1 was tested by different constant current and voltage limiting charging methods.
Anatomical analysis of 1.5 batteries
In the last step, the battery life termination was dissected. The content of active substance, lead sulfate and acid ratio of positive and negative electrodes were analyzed by chemical method, and the cause of battery life termination was affirmed.
2. Analysis and discussion of experimental results
Initial Performance Test of 2.1 Battery
After the manufacture of the batteries, three batteries were randomly selected. The discharge rate of the batteries at 20h and 3C were tested according to the national standard method. The discharge data of the three batteries were uniform, as shown in Table 2.
From the data in the table, it can be seen that all kinds of battery discharge tests can reach the request of the national standard for 20 h rate discharge of 20h and 3C discharge of 7min. However, with the thinning of the plate and the increase of the electrolyte proportion, both the 20 h rate capacity and the 3C capacity tend to increase, especially the 3C discharge time.
2.2 National Standard Cyclic Life
According to the initial capacity test of various batteries, the cycle life test method of small VRLA batteries according to 5.18 rules in the national standard of VRLA batteries was adopted. Two batteries with 4 acid ratios of 3 plus 4 plates and 1.29 and 1.31 acid ratios of 4 plus 5 plates were selected to stop the cycle life test. The experimental data are shown in Table 3.
In order to understand the influence of electrolyte specific gravity and plate thickness on the cycle life of batteries, the data in the table are classified into Fig. 1 (3 plus 4 negative structure battery national standard cycle life with different effects of electrolyte) and Fig. 2 (the influence of different plate thickness on the cycle life of batteries).
Fig. 1 The influence of electrolyte density on the national standard life of batteries
Fig. 2 The influence of different plate thickness on the cycle life of batteries in the national standard
From Table 3, Figure 1 and Figure 2, we can see that the national standard cycle life of all kinds of batteries mentioned above is greater than 300 requests of the specification. However, with the increase of electrolyte proportion and the thinning of plate thickness, the cycle life of the battery tends to decrease significantly.
2.3 Life Experiments of Constant Current and Pressure Limiting (LV)
According to the above experimental conditions, three positive and four negative plates were used to construct the 100% DOD lifetime test with acid specific gravity of 1.29 and 1.31 for A1B2 and A1B3 batteries, respectively. The charging method is constant current and voltage limiting with constant current value of 0.15C.
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